In January 2012, the U.S. White House Office of National Drug Control
Policy (ONDCP) asked RAND to generate national estimates of the total
number of users, total expenditures, and total consumption for four
illicit drugs from 2000 to 2010: cocaine (including crack), heroin,
marijuana, and methamphetamine. Drug users in the United States spend on
the order of $100 billion annually on these drugs (in 2010 dollars).
While this total figure has been stable over the decade, there have been
important compositional shifts. From 2006 to 2010, the amount of
marijuana consumed in the United States likely increased more than 30
percent, while the amount of cocaine consumed in the United States
decreased by approximately 50 percent. These figures are consistent with
supply-side indicators, such as seizures and production estimates.
Methamphetamine consumption rose sharply from 2000 through the middle of
the decade, and this was followed by a large decline through 2008.
Heroin consumption remained fairly stable throughout the decade,
although there is some evidence of an increase in the later years. For
all of the drugs, total consumption and expenditures are driven by the
minority of users who consume on 21 or more days each month.
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